Which cytokine is responsible for the hepatic acute phase response?

The cytokine that primarily drives the hepatic acute phase response is interleukin-6 (IL-6). During an inflammatory response, IL-6 is released by various cell types, including macrophages and T cells, as well as endothelial cells and fibroblasts. It plays a crucial role in stimulating the liver to produce acute phase proteins, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and serum amyloid A.

IL-6 functions as both a pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine, making it vital in the early stages of the immune response. Its production is stimulated in response to infections, trauma, or injury, and it helps coordinate the body's response to these stressors. The acute phase proteins generated in response to IL-6 contribute to various physiological effects including increased blood viscosity, modulation of inflammation, and enhancement of the immune response.

Understanding IL-6's key role helps to appreciate the body's complex response to injury and infection, where it not only directs the acute phase response but also influences healing and recovery.