What is the most common benign hepatic tumor?

The most common benign hepatic tumor is a hemangioma. Hemangiomas are vascular lesions made up of a network of blood vessels and are typically found incidentally during imaging studies, as they often do not cause symptoms. Most hemangiomas are small and require no treatment, as they are usually asymptomatic and do not progress.

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and hepatic adenomas are also benign liver tumors but are less common than hemangiomas. FNH is characterized by a hyperplastic response to a vascular anomaly and usually does not present with symptoms or complications. Hepatic adenomas, on the other hand, are typically associated with hormonal influences (such as oral contraceptive use) and have a higher risk of complications, particularly hemorrhage and malignant transformation, compared to hemangiomas.

Cirrhosis is not a benign tumor but rather a chronic liver condition characterized by fibrosis and the alteration of normal liver architecture, leading to liver dysfunction and an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, which differs significantly from benign tumors in both presentation and management. Therefore, hemangioma is recognized as the most prevalent benign hepatic tumor in clinical practice.