What are the classic signs associated with VIPoma?

VIPoma, or vasoactive intestinal peptide secreting tumor, is a rare neuroendocrine tumor that primarily causes significant gastrointestinal symptoms due to the overproduction of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). The classic signs associated with VIPoma include profuse watery diarrhea, hypochloremia (low chloride levels), hypokalemia (low potassium levels), and metabolic acidosis.

The profuse watery diarrhea occurs due to the hypersecretion of fluid and electrolytes into the intestinal lumen stimulated by VIP, leading to dehydration and significant electrolyte imbalances. The resultant hypochloremia and hypokalemia are direct consequences of the diarrhea, which causes a loss of vital electrolytes. Additionally, metabolic acidosis can result from bicarbonate loss due to the volume depletion and continued gastrointestinal losses.

Understanding these manifestations is critical for diagnosis and management. The other options listed represent symptoms that do not align with the classic presentation of VIPoma; for instance, the combination of mild diabetes and rash is more indicative of different conditions rather than a VIPoma. Recognizing the hallmark signs of VIPoma is essential for timely intervention and treatment of the underlying tumor.